Internal-combustion engine.



Patlltd D00. 14, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

A. L. BIKER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

w x APPLICATION FILED APR. 30. 1910. IIILMI Nimm@ E@ r d %%M A. L. BIKER.

INTERNAL CONBUSTION ENGINE.

w APPLICATION FILED APR. 30. 1910. L. Patented Dec. I4, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

titl

` Wd@ lwftf.

lANDRIEYVV L. BIKER, 03F BRIDG-EPORT, CONNETICUT, SSIGNOR TO LOCGMOBILE COMPANY 0l? AMERICA, 0F NEW YORK, N. A CORPORATON 0F WEST VIRGNIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec.. fet., 1MM.

Application filed April 30, 1910. Serial No. 558,696.

T 0 all whom t may concern.'

lBe it known that lt, ANDREW L. BIKER, a citizen of the'United States, and a resident of Bridgeport, in the county of Faireld and State of Connecticut, have invented an lImprovement .in internal-Combustion En gines, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and consists in improvements both in the, operation and construction thereof.

The invention will be best understood by reference t0 the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying illustration of one specific embodiment thereof, the scope of the invention being particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

ln the drawings: lFigure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation taken through a cylinder and a crank case of a multiple cylinder engine embodying one form of the invention; and Figs. 2, 3, ,4 and 5 are similar views upon a smaller scale representing the different positions assumed by the sleeve valves during one complete cycle of operations.

Referring to the drawings and to that embodiment of my invention herein selected for illustrative purposes, l have there shown the construction of `one cylinder of a four cylinder engine. This engine is illustrated as of a size and form suitable for automobile use, but it is thus shown for illustrative purposes only, the invention being independent of the form, type or size of the engine employed, and also independent of its utilization in an engine having either a single cyl inder or a plurality of cylinders.

The engine is shown as supported upon the crank casing 1, in which is suitably journaled the enginecrank shaft 2 having a crank pin connection 3 to the piston rod a, which latter has a trunk connection to the cylinder piston 5. The piston is adapted to reciprocate within a suitable and preferably upright cylinder 6, the latter being herein shown surrounded by the usual water jacket 7 and havin its end closed by an appropriately shape head 8, herein shown asintegral with the body of the cylinder. Within the head is fixed the usual ignition plug 8. Said ignition plug may loeof any suitable nature, butis preferably of the jump spark type having electric connections toa suitable high potential source of current.

Whllemy invention as to certain of its features 1s not limited to the type. of engine employed, the particular form of engine shown 1s constructed to operate upon the Otto or four cycleprinciple and presents features of novelty in yits mode of operation, partlcularly in respect to the introduction ofthe fuel charged air into the Working cyllnder of the engine and the discharge of the spent gases therefrom. Designed to cooperate particularly with this type of engine, but having also useful application to engines which are functionally and constructionally quite different from the one described, there are provided various features of novelty to be hereinafter more particularly pointed out.

l contemplate the provision of a sleeve valve telescoping with the cylinder, either interlorly or exteriorly thereof, but preferably exteriorly, and controlling the admission of the fuel mixture to the cylinder, and means distinct from said sleeve valve lfor controlling the exhaust of the spent gases therefrom. lt' contemplate also the provlsion of a sleeve valve telescoping with the cylinder, either interiorly or exteriorly thereof, but preferably exteriorly, and controlling the admission of the fuel mixture to the cylinder, and a separatesleeve valve telescopmg with said cylindery for controlling the exhaust of the spent gases therefrom.

ln the specific embodiment of my invention here shown, I have illustrated distinct sleeve valves for controlling the admission and the exhaust from the cylinder and have located the sleeve valve controlling the admission exteriorly of the. cylinder and the sleeve valve "controlling the exhaust interiorly thereof. lit will be apparent that within the scope of my invention, lt may employ means other than a sleeve valvefor controlling the admission, While controlling the exhaust by a sleeve valve as hereinafter described.` In that embodiment of the invention herein selected for illustration, the sleeve valve controlling the admission is represented at 9 and is positioned concentrically with but exteriorly of the cylinder 6. rlt`he admission pi e for the fuel mixture is indicated at 10, and concentric therewith loo litio llt@ exhaust port or ports.

is an admission passage 11 preferably wholly surrounding the cylinder and communicating With the interior thereof through a plurality of ports 12 sufficiently circumscribing the cylinder to afford an extended admission thereinto. Vhile a single admission port may be employed, 1 preferably provide a series of ports separated from each other by webs 13 of the cylinder body. The sleeve 9 is provided With one or more ports 14 adapted to be placed in register with the port or ports 12 of the cylinder. As herein represented, the head 8 of the cylinder is provided with a depending portion 15 'circumferentially spaced from the cylinder 9 to provide an annular space Within which the upper portion o f the sleeve valve 9 reciprocates as illustrated. While the sleeve valve 9 may be operated in any suitable manner, I have herein represented the saine as connected by a link 16 with a crank arm 17 upon a shaftl 18 having fast thereon a gear 19 meshing With and driven by a pinion 20 upon the crank shaft 2, the gearing being such that a single rotation is imparted to the shaft 18 during two complete rotations of the crank shaft 2.

The cylinder is provided with an'exhaust passage 21, 22, and with one or more exhaust ports 23 communicating therewith. Mounted preferably within the cylinder is a sleeve valve 241 having one or more ports 25 therein adapted to be placed in register at the proper time With the exhaust ports 23 of the cylinder. Preferably said port or ports 25 sufficiently circumscribe the cylinder to lpermit the exhaust of the spent gases therefrom throughout substantially the entire periphery of the cylinder, though in different embodiments of the invention the extent of the exhaust ports may be such as is found best adapted to the particular requirements of the case.

The sleeve valve 24 is operated in suitable manner to place the port or ports of the same in register at the proper time-with the Preferably, liowever, said sleeve valve is reciprocated with respect to the cylinder 6 and is herein showny as positively operated in one direction. For that purpose, 1 have herein represented said A"sleeve'valve 24 as having a stem 26 extending through the head 8 and the cap 27 surmounting the same and as engaged at its vupper end by a set screw 28 in the outer end niente@ when said cam 32 has passed from beneath the connecting rod 30 the said sleeve valve 24 is elevated so as to carry its ports 25 out of register with the ports 23 of the cylinder, by means of a cccd spring 33 herein shown as positioned within the cap 27 and between the head 8 and a shoulder or disk 34 posi tioned upon the valve stem 2G.

A complete cycle of operation of that embodiment of my invention shown in Fig. 1 is substantially as follows. When the piston 5 is at its extreme inner or uppermost position and is about to commence its suction or charging stroke, the sleeve valve 9 is at or near the upper limit of its movement, so that its ports 14 are above and out of register with the admission ports 12 of the cylinder. At the same time the valve 24- has been elevated by the spring 33, so as to place its ports 25 above and out of register with the exhaust ports of the cylinder. 1inmediately upon the commencement of the suction or charging stroke of the piston 5 the crank 17 moves the sleeve valve S) downwardly to bring the ports 1J: thereof into register with the admission passages 11 of the cylinder. The continued rotation of the shaft 18 upon which the crank 1T is mounted, moves the sleeve valve. f) down sufficiently far to bring its ports below and out of register with the ports 12 of the cylinder at substantially the termination of the outward or suction stroke of the piston. Bui-ing the inward or compression stroke of the piston, the movement of the sleeve valve 3 continues. but its ports remain out of register with the ports 12 of the cylinder until the commencement of the next cycle of operations. ignition occurs at substantially the end. of the compression stroke ot the piston and -upon the next outward or power stroke of the piston the sleeve va ve S) moves 'upwardly but without bringing its ports into "":foke of the piston elevated by the spring .Ii out of register a of the cylinder. te of operations of the he head 8 may be nflingr portion 81 sur- "an, the cylinder and aan passage 11. Bc* Af: tion 34- and the lili metete cylinder, the upper end of the sleeve valve 9 is adapted to move to control the admission ports l2 ofthe cylinder.

The successive positions yof the sleeve valves controlling the admission and the exhaust to and from the cylinder are indicated in Figs. Q, 3, -l and 5, wherein Fig. 2 represents the position `oi the parts at the beginning of the suction or first out stroke of the piston Fig. 3 the position of the part-s at the beginning of the in stroke or charging stroke of the piston; Fig. 4c, the position of the parts at the beginning of the power stroke of the piston; and Fig. 5, the position of the parts at the beginning of the exhaust stroke.

Having thus described one illustrative embodiment of my invention, l desire it to be understood that although specific terms 'are employed, thev are used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being set :forth in the following claims.

Claims. 1

1. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination a cylinder having admission and exhaust ports, a piston reciprocable therein, separalte sleeve valvee` telescoping with the cylinder for controlling the admission to and exhaust therefrom and a fixed Wall separating said valves.

2. An internal combustion engine ,comprising in combination a cylinder having admission and .exhaust ports, a piston reciprocable therein, separate sleeve valves concentric with said cylinder and one mounted within and the other outside of the same to control the admission to and exhaust from the cylinder, and means tooperate said valves.

3. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination a cylinder having admission and exhaust ports, a piston reciprocable therein, separate sleeve valves one mounted Within the cylinder to control the exhaust and the other exterior thereof to control the admission, and means to operate said valves.

ll. fin internal combustion engine comprising in combination a cylinder having admission and exhaust ports, a piston reciprocablc therein, a sleeve valve telescoping vvith and encircling said cylinder, means to operate the same to' control the admission thereto and a valve distinct trom said sleeve valve lor controlling 'the exhaust from said cylinder', said valves being lixed Wall ci the engine.

5. ein internalf combustion engine comprising in combination a cylinder having admission and exhaust ports, a piston reciprocalole therein, a sleeve valve telescoping with said cylinder, means positively to move the same in one direction only to open the exhaust passage from said cylinder, and

lfixed ported Wall and means to reciprocate separated by a a valve distinct from said sleeve valve for controlling the admission to said cylinder, said valves being separated by a fixed por- 'tion of the cylinder.

6. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination a cylinder having a port, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder,` a sleeve valve telescoping with said cylinder' and surrounding the same, a valve telescoping with said cylinder within the same and means to operate' said sleeve valve to control said port.

7. An internal combustion engine com-` prising in combination a ported cylinder having a surrounding Water jacket, apiston recipro'cable in Said cylinder, a sleeve valve surrounding the water jacket of said cylinder and concentric with said cylinder, a cylinder head having a continuous outer said sleeve valve to control said ports, said valve being in direct contact on one side with the outer ported Wall and on the opposite side With the ported Wall of the cylinder.

8. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination a cylinder having a port and a head ixed with relation to said cylinder and having a part projecting therefrom and surrounding but spaced from said cylinder, a slide valve in contact at one side with said cylinder and at the other side with the inside walls of said head and having an open end received between said cylinder and `said projecting portion of the head, and

l,sleeve to control valves to open said admission port during the suction stroke of the piston and to open the exhaust port during the exhaust stroke thereof.

10. ln an internal combustion engine the i combination with a fixed cylinder having a bore of uniform diameter, a portI at the rear of sald cylinder, a piston, an arc-shaped slide valve seated against the interior cylinder Walls beyond the rearward limit of piston travel `and having an imperforate.. end, and means Y.tor movlng said valve to torce products oit combustion from the cylinder.

ll. lin an -internal combustion engine, the

combination with a iixed cylinder having a bore ol uniform diameter ol a. port at the rear oi the cylinder, a piston, an arc-shaped sleeve valve movable longitudinally at the rear et the cylinder' and beyond the limit ot 13o piston travel, and means for moving said valve forwardly to open said port and rearvwardly to close said port and for forcing the products of combustion from the cylinder.

12. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination a cylinder having admission and exhaust ports, a piston reciprocable therein, a water jacket exterior to said cylinder, separate sleeve valves mounted one within the cylinder and the other exterior thereto and embracing the water. jacket, and means to operate said valves. n

13. An internal combustion engine comprising a fixed cylinder, a piston in direct contact with the walls thereof, a cylinder head forming a gas tight closure completely closing the rear end of the cylinder, said cylinder having a port and means for controlling said port comprising an arc-shaped slide lvalve working between the walls of said head and said cylinder.

11. In an internal combustion engine the combination with a cylinder, a piston therein, said cylinder having a port a slide valve engaging the inner walls of said cylinder to control said port and beyond the rearward limit of travel of the piston and means for moving said valve forwardly to open said port and rearwardly to close said port and force the products of combustion from the cylinder.

15. In an internal combustion engine the combination with a cylinder, a piston therein, a fixed wall, and arc-shaped slide valves working on opposite sides of said xedwall.

i6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder, of a piston working in one end of the cylinder chamber and a slide valve in the opposite end of the cylinder chamber, said cylinder having a portlocated between the forward end of the valve and the rearward end of the piston.

17. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination a cylinder having admission and exhaust ports and a piston reciprocable therein, two slide valves ported to control the admission and the exhaust of said cylinder, one of said valves having an imperforate end being positioned within the other and beyond the limit of piston travel and means for operating said valves.

18. In an internal combustion engine, the

mesme combination with a piston, a cylinder therefor having a closed rear end and a port in the side wall adjacent said rear end and beyond the limit of the stroke of the piston, and a sleeve valve having an imperforate end engaging the inner wall oi the cylinder in the rear of the piston and controlling said port.

19. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a piston, a cylinder therefor having a closed rear end and a port in the side wall adjacent said rear end and beyond the limit of the stroke of the piston, a slide valve engaging the inner wall of the cylinder in the rear of the piston and controlling said port, and a slide valve engaging the outer wall of said cylinder.

20. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination a cylinder having admission and exhaust ports, a piston reciprocable therein, a sleeve valve telescoping with said cylinder, means positively to move the same in one direction only, to open the exhaust passage from said cylinder, a sleeve valve also telescoping with the cylinder for controlling the admission to said cylinder, a crank shaft, and means operated by said crank shaft for moving said last-named valve.

21. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination a cylinder having admission and exhaust ports, a piston reciprocable therein, two slide valves ported to control the admission and exhaust of the cylinder, said valves being positioned one within but out of contact with the other, said inner 'alve being beyond the limit of piston travel, and means for operating said valves.

22. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein, a fixed wall, an arc-shaped slide. valve on the exterior of the cylinder, a sleeve valve on the interior of the cylinder, and means for operating said valves.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ANDREW L. BIKER.

Witnesses:

d. A. KINGMAN, R M. YOUNG. 

